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Multiple myeloma is a type of cancer that affects plasma cells, a type of white blood cell responsible for producing antibodies to help the body fight infections. In multiple myeloma, abnormal plasma cells accumulate in the bone marrow, leading to the formation of tumors and interfering with the production of normal blood cells.

Common symptoms of multiple myeloma include bone pain, weakness, fatigue, recurrent infections, and unexplained weight loss. The disease can also lead to complications such as anemia, kidney problems, and bone fractures.

The exact cause of multiple myeloma is not well understood, but certain risk factors include age, family history, and exposure to certain chemicals. It is more common in older adults.

Treatment for multiple myeloma depends on the stage of the disease and individual health factors. Therapeutic approaches may include chemotherapy, immunomodulatory drugs, targeted therapies, stem cell transplantation, and supportive care to manage symptoms and complications.

While multiple myeloma is currently considered incurable, advances in treatment options have significantly improved outcomes, and many individuals can manage the disease effectively with ongoing medical care and support. Regular monitoring and collaboration with healthcare professionals are crucial for managing multiple myeloma over the long term.